DISHONESTY BY ITALIAN BLOGGER GOOGLE

Due to problems invented by Blogger and Google this blog will be moving on . It seems every time we get near to being paid out for the ads this and my other blogs create (but especially for them) they find an excuse not to pay.The latest one was that my photos were too big. This was given as an excuse on THE ITALIAN WARS OF INDEPENDECE and on let god decide the just tHEY SAID THAT THE BLOG WASN'T ORIGINAL AND THEREFORE IT WAS TO BE DONE WITHPOUT ADS, THIS IS AFTER WE ARE CLOSE TO GETTING PAID OUT BY THEM.sTRANGE THEY NEVER SAID ANYTHING IN THE LAST YEAR. The other excuse was that I was inciting readers to click ads. I have no incitements like this. So we'll be leaving. I'd just ask you not to get involved with Google blogs. In my opinion =Not honest.

DISHONEST BLOGGER ITALY PLUS GOOGLE

Due to problems invented by Blogger and Google this blog will be moving on . It seems every time we get near to being paid out for the ads this and my other blogs create (but especially for them) they find an excuse not to pay.The latest one was that my photos were too big. This was given as an excuse on THE ITALIAN WARS OF INDEPENDECE and on let god decide the just tHEY SAID THAT THE BLOG WASN'T ORIGINAL AND THEREFORE IT WAS TO BE DONE WITHPOUT ADS, THIS IS AFTER WE ARE CLOSE TO GETTING PAID OUT BY THEM.sTRANGE THEY NEVER SAID ANYTHING IN THE LAST YEAR. The other excuse was that I was inciting readers to click ads. I have no incitements like this. So we'll be leaving. I'd just ask you not to get involved with Google blogs. In my opinion =Not honest.

DISHONESTY

Due to problems invented by Blogger and Google this blog will be moving on . It seems every time we get near to being paid out for the ads this and my other blogs create (but especially for them) they find an excuse not to pay.The latest one was that my photos were too big. This was given as an excuse on THE ITALIAN WARS OF INDEPENDECE. The other excuse was that I was inciting readers to click ads. I have no incitements like this. So we'll be leaving. I'd just ask you not to get involved with Google blogs. In my opinion =Not honest.

THE RED YEAR PART ONE

All wargames figures mutineer mins
On a day in January, 1857, a sepoy was sitting by a well in the cantonment of Dum-Dum, near Calcutta. Though he wore the uniform of John Company, and his rank was the lowest in the native army, he carried on his forehead the caste-marks of the Brahmin. In a word, he was more than noble, being of sacred birth, and the Hindu officers of his regiment, if they were not heaven-born Brahmins, would grovel before him in secret, though he must obey their slightest order on parade or in the field.
To him approached a Lascar.
“Brother,” said the newcomer, “lend me your brass pot, so that I may drink, for I have walked far in the sun.”
The sepoy started as though a snake had stung him. Lascars, the sailor-men of India, were notoriously free-and-easy in their manners. Yet how came it that even a low-caste mongrel of a Lascar should offer such an overt insult to a Brahmin!
“Do you not know, swine-begotten, that your hog’s lips would contaminate my lotah?” asked he, putting the scorn of centuries into the words.

“Contaminate!” grinned the Lascar, neither frightened nor angered. “By holy Ganga, it is your lips that are contaminated, not mine. Are not the Government greasing your cartridges with cow’s fat? And can you load your rifle without biting the forbidden thing? Learn more about your own caste, brother, before you talk so proudly to others.”
Not a great matter, this squabble between a sepoy and a Lascar, yet it lit such a flame in India that rivers of blood must be shed ere it was quenched. The Brahmin’s mind reeled under the shock of the retort. It was true, then, what the agents of the dethroned King of Oudh were saying in the bazaar. The Government were bent on the destruction of Brahminical supremacy. He and his caste-fellows would lose all that made life worth living. But they would exact a bitter price for their fall from high estate.
“Kill!” he murmured in his frenzy, as he rushed away to tell his comrades the lie that made the Indian Mutiny possible. “Slay and spare not! Let us avenge our wrongs so fully that no accursed Feringhi shall dare again to come hither across the Black Water!”
The lie and the message flew through India with the inconceivable speed with which such ill tidings always travels in that country. Ever north went the news that the British Raj was doomed. Hindu fakirs, aglow with religious zeal, Mussalman zealots, as eager for dominance in this world as for a houri-tenanted Paradise in the next, carried the fiery torch of rebellion far and wide. And so the flame spread, and was fanned [Pg 3]to red fury, though the eyes of few Englishmen could see it, while native intelligence was aghast at the supineness of their over-lords.

---

One evening in the month of April, a slim, straight-backed girl stood in the veranda of a bungalow at Meerut. Her slender figure, garbed in white muslin, was framed in a creeper-covered arch. The fierce ardor of an Indian spring had already kissed into life a profusion of red flowers amid the mass of greenery, and, if Winifred Mayne had sought an effective setting for her own fair picture, she could not have found one better fitted to its purpose.
But she was young enough and pretty enough to pay little heed to pose or background. In fact, so much of her smooth brow as could be seen under a broad-brimmed straw hat was wrinkled in a decided frown. Happily, her bright brown eyes had a glint of humor in them, for Winifred’s wrath was an evanescent thing, a pallid sprite, rarely seen, and ever ready to be banished by a smile.
“There!” she said, tugging at a refractory glove. “Did you hear it? It actually shrieked as it split. And this is the second pair. I shall never again believe a word Behari Lal says. Wait till I see him. I’ll give him such a talking to.”
“Then I have it in my heart to envy Behari Lal,” said her companion, glancing up at her from the carriage-way that ran by the side of the few steps leading down from the veranda.

“Indeed! May I ask why?” she demanded.
“Because you yield him a privilege you deny to me.”
“I was not aware you meant to call to-day. As it is, I am paying a strictly ceremonial visit. I wish I could speak Hindustani. Now, what would you say to Behari Lal in such a case?”
“I hardly know. When I buy gloves, I buy them of sufficient size. Of course, you have small hands—”
“Thank you. Please don’t trouble to explain. And now, as you have been rude to me, I shall not take you to see Mrs. Meredith.”
“But that is a kindness.”
“Then you shall come, and be miserable.”
“For your sake, Miss Mayne, I would face Medusa, let alone the excellent wife of our Commissary-General, but fate, in the shape of an uncommonly headstrong Arab, forbids. I have just secured a new charger, and he and I have to decide this evening whether I go where he wants to go, or he goes where I want to go. I wheedled him into your compound by sheer trickery. The really definite issue will be settled forthwith on the Grand Trunk Road.”
“I hope you are not running any undue risk,” said the girl, with a sudden note of anxiety in her voice that was sweetest music to Frank Malcolm’s ears. For an instant he had a mad impulse to ask if she cared, but he crushed it ruthlessly, and his bantering reply gave no hint of the tumult in his breast. Yet he feared to meet her eyes, and was glad of a saluting sepoy who swaggered jauntily past the open gate.

30mm indian infantry

On 21 September, the Siege of Delhi ended with the storming of the city by the British. Within days, the victorious besiegers had organised columns which secured the countryside around the city. The strongest column consisted of 750 British soldiers, and 1,900 Sikh and Punjabi soldiers, under Brigadier Edward Greathed (formerly the commanding officer of the8th (King's) Regiment). It moved out of the city on 24 September. Several officers were surprised that the column was able to move so promptly, given the exhausted and debauched state of many units after the siege and storming of the city.

Greathed's column moved along the Grand Trunk Road, taking indiscriminate punitive measures against several Indian villages. Although Greathed intended to move directly to Cawnpore, which had been recaptured by the British in July (see Siege of Cawnpore), he received several urgent requests for aid from Agra. Some of the rebels who had retreated from Delhi were said to have rallied at Muttra near Agra, and the garrison were alarmed at what seemed to be an imminent threat.

Greathed accordingly marched his troops and his large baggage train of elephants, camels and bullock carts 44 miles (71 km) to Agra in twenty-eight hours. On arrival, his force received a cool reception from the garrison. His battle-weary British troops in worn khaki dress were mistaken at first for Afghan tribesmen by some of the civilians. By contrast the soldiers of the garrison were still splendid in scarlet uniforms with pipeclayed white belts.

 recovered from their earlier state of panic, the senior officers of the garrison now assured Greathed that the enemy had retreated across the Khara Naddi, a stream 9 miles (14 km) distant. Fatigued and without any apparent danger, the column retired to rest without posting sufficient pickets. Greathed himself went to take breakfast in the fort. Taking advantage of this lapse in security, the rebels launched a surprise attack.

Round shot from 12 sepoy cannons raked the British bivouac area. Cavalry descended upon the British, musket balls filled the air and there was hand-to-hand combat between the British and their attackers.30mm flat of the famous mrs wheeler The veteran British, Sikhs and Punjabis nevertheless rallied, fell into their ranks, and returned the fire. The British cavalry outflanked the attackers on both flanks.

The rebels fled, but regrouped and tried to stand 4 miles (6.4 km) along the road to Gwalior. Grape shot from British cannon and a cavalry charge broke their line. The British cavalry then pursued those fleeing for miles.

20mm Indian mutiny

efore the rebellion broke out, Agra was an important centre of British administration and commerce. Stationed in the military cantonments nearby were the 3rd Bengal Fusiliers (a "European" regiment of infantry of the British East India Company's army), a battery of artillery also manned by white troops, and the 44th and 67th Regiments of Bengal Native Infantry.

The loyalty of the sepoys (Indian soldiers) of the Bengal Army had been wavering for several years, as they feared that the actions and reforms of the East India Company were threatening Indian society and their own caste and status. After increasing unrest during the early months of 1857, the sepoys at Meerut broke into rebellion on 10 May 1857. They subsequently moved to Delhi, where they called on more sepoys to join them, and for the Emperor Bahadur Shah II to lead a nation-wide rebellion.

News of the revolt spread fast. In Agra, the news prompted the local British commanders to disarm the two Bengal Native Infantry regiments on 31 May, thus forestalling any potential uprising, although the regiments had apparently made no hostile moves in the fortnight since news of the events at Delhi had reached them. Nevertheless, the news of the events at Delhi and the increasing unrest in the countryside prompted 6,000 refugees (British civilians and their families and servants) to converge on Agra and take shelter in the historic Agra Fort. Although the fort was well provisioned, the sanitation and medical facilities were poor. After an uprising in the city in June, the British were blockaded in the Fort.

They endured a desultory siege for three months. Morale was poor, and the understrength Bengal Fusiliers were mainly raw and untrained troops. Delhi however, was too strong an attraction for the sepoys and other rebels. Many thousands of these moved to Delhi, where they were unable to dislodge a British force on the ridge to the north-west, but none of the rebel leaders there attempted to organise a force to clear the comparatively easy target of Agrat]

Irish Regiments of the Indian Mutiny

The history and foundation of this old and famous Regiment is bound up and found in India. The two Regiments which in 1881 were to become the 1st and 2nd Battalions The Royal Dublin Fusiliers, can proudly trace their individual and unique histories back as far as 1661 ( The 2nd Battalion ) and 1741- the 1st Battalion. The Regiment would be awarded a total of Seven Victoria Crosses during its long and proud service. Both were built up as East India Company Battalions, and lThe European regiments of the East India Company formed the elite of the Company’s forces; taken into the British army after the Mutiny, the regiment illustrated ultimately became the 1^st Bn Royal Dublin Fusiliers. The regiment wore a uniform like that of current British regulations, with facings successively French grey, white, and on becoming Fusiliers in 1843, dark blue. Another distinguishing feature peculiar to the regiment was the red ball-tuft on the shako. The figure illustrated , however (based on a sketch by Captain Ryves) shows the modified uniform worn on campaign, the shako being enclosed in a white linen cover, the tail-less undress jacket worn with collar turned down (note the unusual blue wings bearing white grenade badge), and the issue boots replaced by more comfortable, light native sandals. Capt. Ryves showed the troops carrying their leather stocks on the end of their muskets! The same artist portrayed the drum-major wearing a fur fusilier cap with white plume, gold lace and epaulettes on the jacket, and the more usual white trousers. The fact that the subject of Capt. Ryves’ picture was shown fording a stream explains the rolled-up trousers and bare feet!
 ater as numbered regiments of the British Line.
One to serve its early years as Madras Europeans and the other as Bombay Europeans. The Madras Europeans were formed about 1748 and claim to have taken part in 72 battles against native forces and the French by 1758.By 1760 it was increased to a three battlion regiment and a 4th Battalion was added in 1774. In the sixteen years between 1758 and 1774 it had fought further actions and was engaged at Goojerat in 1780 and received the ' Royal Tiger ' badge in 1791. By 1841 other engagements had been fought and won, and the motto ' Spectamur Agendo ' - ' We are judged by our deeds ' was granted. Up to about 1830 the regiment was known as the Honourable East India Company's European Regiment, when ' Madras ' was added to the title and in 1839 it then became the 1st Madras European Regiment, the addition of ' Fusiliers ' was added in 1843, and then finally it was called the 1st Madras Fusiliers. In 1860-1861 it became a numbered regiment of the Crown, and was then known as the 102nd ( Royal Madras ) Fusiliers.Four previous regiments had carried the number 102 during the period 1760 to 1818, but only one of them was Irish, a corps that existed between 1793 and 1794 and was known as The 102nd ( Irish ) Regiment of Foot. The 102nd ( Royal Madras ) Fusiliers were in India just after the Mutiny broke out at Delhi and Meerut, and was engaged at Benares and Allahabad in May and June 1857 and in September in the desperate fighting for the relief of Lucknow. It was during this campaign and the bitter fighting that the Regiment earned its famous nickname  ' Neill's Blue Caps ' relating to the warning given by the rebel leader Nana Sahib to his men, in that they should ' kill all the men in blue caps and dirty shirts ' a compliment to the Madras and Bengal Fusiliers whose fighting reputations were renowned and feared throughout India. Neill, the gallant Colonel of the Fusiliers, was killed at Lucknow. He not only left his name to the Regiment, but was also an historian who recorded the complex history of the corps. It was during the Indian Mutiny that four members of the Regiments were awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry. Three of the recipients were Irish. These were Sergeant Patrick Mahoney,Private John Ryan, Private Thomas Duffy and Private John Smith. The Battle-Honours earned by the Regiment up to the Mutiny were: Arcot, Plassey, Wyndewash, Condore, Sholinghur, Amboyna, Ternate, Banda, Pondicherry, Mahipoor, Ava, Pegu, Lucknow. In the reorganisation of 1860-1861, the 1st Madras Fusiliers were designated the 102nd ( Royal Madras Fusiliers ) and were therefore no longer a company Regiment.Patrick Mahoney was born in Waterford, Ireland. He was 30 years old and a Sergeant in the 1st Madras European Fusiliers, during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross:

On the 21st September 1857 - Whilst on cavalry duty at Mungulwar, near Cawnpore, he was prominent in capturing the colours of the 1st Regiment of Native Infantry who had mutinied.

He was killed in action at Kucknow, India, on the 30th October 1857.

irish v.c 1857

Robert Hawthorne was born in the village of Maghera, in County Londonderry, although his birthplace was mistakenly called ‘Moghera’ in the Historical Record of the 52nd.tedtoy

He won the Victoria Cross during the Indian Mutiny, which broke out in 1857 following a rumour that greased cartridges used by the army were smeared with the fat of sacred cows and “unclean” pigs – thereby alienating the Hindu and Moslem sepoys and uniting them against the British.

The rising was followed by hideous cruelty - the European officers being treacherously shot, while hundreds of women and children were ruthlessly massacred. Delhi soon fell into the hands of the insurgents, while Lucknow and Cawnpore were besieged.

The 52nd Light Infantry, which had been one of the few regular units in India at the start of the Mutiny, was heavily-involved in the suppression of the mutineers – the re-capture of Delhi being one of the most famous episodes in that conflict.

The assault began on 14th September 1857 with the blowing-up of the Kashmir gate by an advanced explosives party comprising Lieutenant Philip Salkeld, Lieutenant Duncan Charles Home, Sergeant John Smith and Bugler Robert Hawthorne of the 52nd. Bugler Hawthorne was awarded the VC for conspicuous gallantry for his role in the blowing up of the gate in broad daylight preparatory to the assault, coolly sounding the advance under intense musket fire from the walls as the explosive charges were detonated, and then rescuing Lieutenant Salkeld, who had been badly wounded.

Bugler Hawthorne died in Manchester on 2nd February 1879, his grave being in Ardwick Cemetery. Hawthorne Road in Maghera commemorates the local VC winner – one of no less than 52 Irish VCs in the Indian Mutiny.

Connaught rangers in the Indian Mutiny

After the Crimean War, the 88th returned to Britain, but in response to the Indian Rebellion, the 88th were soon deployed to India.

 The regiment, with a strength of 990 at this time, plus the depot of about 100, embarked during July 1857 in four detachments. It arrived in Calcuttain November.below mutineer miniatures

 By 25 November 1857, 6 companies had reached the front, 4 at Cawnpore and 2 near

 By the end of 1858 the total loss of the 88th in the field during the operations, according to the returns of each engagement, 

amounted to one officer and 16 other ranks killed, and 6 officers and 138 other ranks wounded.below a connaught ranger from us at fixed bayonet

This soldier wears the khaki uniform of European soldiers in India at the time of the Mutiny. A Kilmarnock ‘pork-pie’ cap under the white cotton ‘Havelock’ cover to protect the neck from sunburn. Khaki is a Persian word which means ‘ash’ or ‘dust’, and the colour is often referred to as ‘drab’.

The Connaught Rangers served in India until 1870.

Purchased by the Museum of London the Eastward Ho! painting August 1857, by Henry Nelson O'Neil shows the vivid drama of soldiers boarding a ship at Gravesend. They are leaving to fight in the Indian 'Mutiny' -This was not the  the first Indian war of Independence in 1857 as the Museum of London states in its P.C spill but merely a mutiny.. A companion painting Home Again, 1858 shows the soldiers' return a year later.

The Indian Mutiny was seen as a shocking challenge to British supremacy in India. It generated emotive and patriotic coverage in the press and in works of art. O'Neil's paintings focus on the impact of war at home and captured the public mood. They came to symbolise the effect of the many overseas wars, fought in the name of the Empire, on ordinary British people.

On 16 November 1870 they boarded the troopship HMS Jumna in Bombay, and the passage home began on the following morning (17 November).

 The Connaught Rangers had been 13 years in India. Nine officers, and 407 noncommissioned officers and men, died in India during this period.